Ảnh hưởng của chỉ số năng lực logistics (LPI) đến xuất khẩu của Việt Nam
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
Logistics đóng vai trò cốt lõi trong việc hỗ trợ và thúc đẩy thương mại quốc tế của quốc gia. Nghiên cứu này phân tích tác động của Chỉ số Năng lực Logistics (LPI) đến kim ngạch xuất khẩu dựa trên dữ liệu từ 53 quốc gia đối tác của Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu ứng dụng mô hình trọng lực mở rộng với ba phương pháp hồi quy trên dữ liệu bảng (POLS, FEM, REM). Kết quả cho thấy LPI có tác động tích cực đến xuất khẩu của Việt Nam, trong đó vận tải, hải quan và chất lượng dịch vụ logistics góp phần mạnh vào việc gia tăng kim ngạch xuất khẩu. Ngoài ra, quy mô dân số và chỉ số tự do kinh tế của các quốc gia nhập khẩu cũng có tác động tích cực, trong khi khoảng cách địa lý và sức mua tương đương của Việt Nam lại ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến xuất khẩu. Từ đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất một số khuyến nghị trọng tâm bao gồm tối ưu hóa hệ thống vận tải quốc tế, cải cách thủ tục hải quan, đầu tư hạ tầng logistics, tăng cường hợp tác quốc tế, phát triển hệ thống theo dõi và truy vết và ứng dụng công nghệ số trong vận hành logistics nhằm nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh xuất khẩu của Việt Nam.
Abstract
Logistics plays a vital role in supporting and promoting the country's international trade. This study analyzes the impact of Logistics Performance Index (LPI) on exports based on data from 53 partner countries of Vietnam. The study applies the extended gravity model with three regression methods on panel data (POLS, FEM, REM). The results show that LPI has a positive and statistically significant effect on Vietnam’s exports, with components such as transportation, customs, and logistics service quality making substantial contributions to export growth. In addition, the population size and the economic freedom index of importing countries also exert positive effects, while geographical distance and Vietnam’s purchasing power parity have negative impacts on exports. Based on these findings, the study proposes key policy recommendations, including the development of multimodal transport systems, customs reform, targeted investment in strategic logistics infrastructure, enhanced international cooperation, development of tracking systems, and digital technology adoption to improve Vietnam’s export competitiveness.
Chi tiết bài viết
Lĩnh vực kinh tế (JEL Codes)
M16 - International Business Administration - Business Administration
Tài liệu tham khảo
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