Phát triển bền vững và ổn định tài chính ngân hàng: Nghiên cứu từ các ngân hàng Châu Á

Đỗ Thị Mộng Thường1, , Phan Thị Hằng Nga1, Văn Cập Huy2
1 Trường Đại học Tài chính - Marketing
2 Trường Đại học Ngoại ngữ - Tin học
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Ngày xuất bản: 28/10/2025
Ngày xuất bản Online: 25/10/2025
Chuyên mục: Tài chính, Ngân hàng, Kế toán, Kiểm toán
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52932/jfmr.v16i5.735

Nội dung chính của bài viết

Tóm tắt

Nghiên cứu này phân tích tác động của các hoạt động Môi trường, Xã hội và Quản trị (ESG) đến sự ổn định tài chính ngân hàng tại châu Á giai đoạn 2010–2023, sử dụng phương pháp GMM hệ thống với dữ liệu từ 214 ngân hàng thuộc 21 quốc gia. Kết quả cho thấy, ESG làm suy giảm ổn định tài chính trong ngắn hạn do chi phí đầu tư lớn ban đầu, phù hợp với giả thuyết đánh đổi. Tuy nhiên, mối quan hệ phi tuyến hình chữ U cho thấy ESG sẽ cải thiện ổn định tài chính dài hạn khi đạt ngưỡng tối ưu. Đại dịch COVID-19 làm gia tăng áp lực tài chính, nhấn mạnh vai trò của các chính sách hỗ trợ và điều tiết vĩ mô. Quy mô ngân hàng, tăng trưởng GDP và dự phòng rủi ro tín dụng hỗ trợ ổn định, trong khi chi phí hoạt động cao và lạm phát làm suy giảm. Nghiên cứu này đóng góp bằng việc làm rõ cơ chế tác động phi tuyến giữa ESG và ổn định tài chính trong bối cảnh thị trường mới nổi và khủng hoảng toàn cầu. Về thực tiễn, nghiên cứu đề xuất xây dựng chiến lược ESG dài hạn, tối ưu chi phí và nâng cao năng lực quản trị rủi ro nhằm củng cố ổn định tài chính bền vững.

Abstract

This study examines the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) activities on bank financial stability in Asia from 2010 to 2023, using the system GMM method with data from 214 banks across 21 countries. The results indicate that ESG activities weaken financial stability in the short term due to high initial investment costs, consistent with the Trade-off Theory. However, a U-shaped nonlinear relationship is identified, indicating that ESG enhances long-term financial stability once an optimal threshold is reached. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated financial pressures, highlighting the importance of financial support policies and macroeconomic regulation. Bank size, GDP growth, and credit risk provisioning strengthen stability, while high operating costs and inflation undermine it. This study contributes by providing clarification of the non-linear mechanism linking ESG activities to financial stability in emerging markets during global crisis conditions. Practically, it suggests that banks should develop long-term ESG strategies, optimize costs, and enhance risk management capabilities to foster sustainable financial stability.

Từ khóa

Châu Á; Lĩnh vực ngân hàng; Môi trường - Xã hội - Quản trị; Phát triển bền vững và sự ổn định tài chính

Chi tiết bài viết

Lĩnh vực kinh tế (JEL Codes)

F64 - Environment - Economic Impacts of Globalization, N25 - Asia including Middle East - Financial Markets and Institutions, Q01 - Sustainable Development - General

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Trích dẫn bài báo
Thường, Đ. T. M., Nga, P. T. H., & Văn , C. H. (2025). Phát triển bền vững và ổn định tài chính ngân hàng: Nghiên cứu từ các ngân hàng Châu Á. Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Tài chính - Marketing, 16(5), 17-32. https://doi.org/10.52932/jfmr.v16i5.735