Mối quan hệ giữa tẩy xanh trong công bố thông tin ESG và hiệu quả hoạt động ngân hàng: Vai trò điều tiết của chuyển đổi số tại Việt Nam
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
Trong bối cảnh phát triển bền vững, công bố thông tin môi trường, xã hội và quản trị (ESG) đang trở thành tiêu chuẩn quan trọng, song sự thiếu hụt hành lang pháp lý đồng bộ đã làm phát sinh rủi ro "tẩy xanh" (greenwashing). Nghiên cứu này nhằm lượng hóa tác động của hành vi tẩy xanh trong công bố ESG đến hiệu quả hoạt động của các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam, đồng thời kiểm định vai trò điều tiết của chuyển đổi số. Nghiên cứu áp dụng phương pháp định lượng thông qua dữ liệu khảo sát từ đội ngũ cán bộ quản lý và nhân viên trong ngành ngân hàng. Quá trình xử lý dữ liệu được tiến hành qua hai bước, bao gồm đánh giá mô hình đo lường và mô hình cấu trúc tuyến tính SEM. Kết quả thực nghiệm khẳng định tẩy xanh trong công bố ESG làm suy giảm hiệu quả hoạt động của ngân hàng. Đặc biệt, chuyển đổi số đóng vai trò điều tiết, vận hành như một cơ chế kiểm soát giúp minh bạch hóa dữ liệu, qua đó làm giảm tác động tiêu cực của tẩy xanh tại thị trường mới nổi như Việt Nam. Dựa trên những phát hiện này, nghiên cứu đề xuất các cơ quan quản lý vĩ mô cần thiết lập danh mục phân loại xanh, chuẩn hóa quy định về công bố đối với báo cáo ESG nhằm kiểm soát tình trạng bất cân xứng thông tin và hạn chế hành vi tẩy xanh. Các ngân hàng thương mại nên tích hợp đồng bộ bộ tiêu chí ESG vào hệ thống quản trị rủi ro trên nền tảng số hóa.
Abstract
In the context of sustainable development, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure has emerged as an imperative standard; however, the absence of a synchronized legal framework has exacerbated the risk of greenwashing. This study aims to quantify the impact of greenwashing in ESG disclosure on the performance of commercial banks in Vietnam, while simultaneously examining the moderating role of digital transformation. Employing a quantitative approach, the research utilizes primary survey data collected from managers and employees within the banking sector. The data analysis follows a two-step procedure, comprising the assessment of the measurement model and the structural equation model (SEM). Empirical findings confirm that greenwashing significantly impairs bank performance. Notably, digital transformation exerts a moderating effect, functioning as a control mechanism that enhances data transparency, thereby mitigating the adverse impacts of greenwashing in an emerging market such as Vietnam. Based on these findings, the study recommends that macroeconomic regulatory authorities establish a Green Taxonomy and standardize ESG reporting regulations to mitigate information asymmetry and curb greenwashing practices. Concurrently, commercial banks should comprehensively integrate ESG criteria into their digitalized risk management systems.
Từ khóa
Chuyển đổi số; Công bố ESG; Hiệu quả hoạt động ngân hàng; Ngân hàng thương mại; Tẩy xanh.
Chi tiết bài viết
Lĩnh vực kinh tế (JEL Codes)
G32 - Financing Policy • Financial Risk and Risk Management • Capital and Ownership Structure • Value of Firms • Goodwill - Corporate Finance and Governance
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